A view from a bridge by Arthur miller Essay Example for Free

A view from a bridge by Arthur miller Essay At the beginning of act 2 in a view from a bridge Arthur Miller creates tension in a number of ways. The first way Arthur miller creates a sense of drama by using body language eg) Eddies arm jerks slightly in shock the body language of Eddie is Eddie showing his feelings of disapproval of Katherine and Rodolpho going out together to add to Eddys anger the fact that they both come out of the bedroom together. This shows Eddies love for Katharine but he is becoming far too over protective over Katherine. Arthur Miller also creates tension through the use of short sharp sentences through the scene as well as the repetition of key phrases during the scene, eg) when Katherine says I think I cant stay here no more when Eddie says You aint goin nowheres after that Katherine says: Eddie Im not gonna be a baby anymore these are all extremely short sentences used within quick succession. The use of short sentences like this is to heighten the drama by showing the views that the characters are in an angry and aggressive as mood well as showing Katherines new fear of Eddie and that something is inevitably going to happen. Certain unexpected key events occur in this scene, which shock the audience and create a heightened dramatic impact. This is when Eddie reaches out suddenly, draws her to him, as she strives to free herself he kisses her on the mouth then Rodolpho tells Eddie have respect for her after that: Rodolpho flies at him in attack. Eddie pins his arms, laughing and suddenly kisses him. This shows that Eddies feelings for Katherine are so powerful that they are uncontrollable; this causes the audience to be shocked and lose respect for Eddie. As well as these happenings, emotions are revealed in this scene, which heightens the tension. This is shown best by Katherines fear of Eddie because she usually shows such admiration for Eddie. Eddie crying is also eddy showing emotion Eddie strands of tears rolling down his face as h laughs mockingly at Rodolpho. While Katherine is staring at him in horror Katherine and Rodolpho are also behaving out of character by showing disrespect towards Eddie. Katherine usually acts childish towards him as if Eddie really is her father; and Rodolpho is usually trying to avoid conflict with Eddie as well as trying to win Eddies approval over Katherine Craig young 11vk The mix of violence, humiliation and control in this scene all help to create dramatic impact. This is shown when Rodolpho is violent towards Eddie Rodolpho flies at him in attack. This shows the audience how Rodolpho has changed his attitude towards Eddie. Eddie shows control by forcibly kissing Katherine and then Rodolpho. Eddie does this to show his authority over Katherine and Rodolpho, and to degrade Rodolpho by showing that he has control over him. Further more proving that, Eddie is stronger than Rodolpho. In conclusion the contrast between the events with Eddie and Katherine and the mood of Alferis speech at the end of the scene, also creates a sense of tension; due to the contrast between the short sharp aggressive sentences earlier on in the scene then when Alferi speaks there becomes longer calmer sentences, this contrast creates a sense of tension by making the audience think that something more is going to happen. As well as this a part of Alferis speech makes the audience realise that something terrible was inevitably going to happen but I will never forget how dark the room came when he looked at me; his eyes were tunnels. I kept wanting to call the police, but nothing had happened. Nothing at all had really happened. This shows that Alferi had the feeling that something had already happened so it seems almost certain that something would happen.

The Tragedy of Eugene O’Neill’s Play, The Hairy Ape Essay -- Hairy Ape

The Tragedy of Eugene O’Neill’s Play, The Hairy Ape Eugene O’Neill’s The Hairy Ape is the story of an alienated, low-class stoker named Yank. Yank’s life becomes a whirlwind when Mildred, the daughter of a wealthy steel owner, looks at Yank like he is a hairy ape. This action creates the withdrawal Yank exhibits. The remainder of the play is Yank’s journey to find his place in society’s realms. He searches for his place in a stokehole, at Fifth Avenue, and in jail. Ultimately Yank’s trek ends as a gorilla squeezes the life out of Yank—O’Neill’s suggestion that Yank can only belong in death (O’Neill 57). Eugene Gladstone O’Neill was born on October 16, 1888, in New York City. His father, James O’Neill, was a popular actor, and introduced Eugene O’Neill to the theater at an early age. After being expelled from Princeton in 1906, O’Neill worked as a gold prospector in Honduras and later as a seaman in the New York area. Soon O’Neill became a regular at bars and clubs in New York City. In 1912, O’Neill contracted tuberculosis. It was during his recovery that O’Neill began to write plays. He wrote many plays and is one of the greatest American dramatists. O’Neill won four Pulitzer Prizes—Beyond the Horizon (1920), Anna Christie (1922), Strange Interlude (1928), and Long Day’s Journey into Night (1957). Eugene O’Neill also received the 1936 Nobel Prize for Literature. O’Neill was given the Nobel Prize, â€Å"for the power, honesty and deep-felt emotions of his dramatic works, which embody an orig inal concept of tragedy† (<http://nobelprizes.com/nobel/literature/1936a.html>). Some critics point to The Hairy Ape as a satirical play. These critics suggest that "clearly O’Neill is a critic of American society and ... ...mploys a chorus, and has an evident tragic flaw—hubris. Works Cited: Alexander, Doris. â€Å"Eugene O’Neill as Social Critic† in O’Neill and His Plays. Oscar Cargill et. al. eds. NY: New York University Press, 1963. Colley, Bryan. Eugene O’Neill. <http://www.kc.net/~bryanc/apebackground.htm>. O’Neill, Eugene. â€Å"Memorandum on Masks† in O’Neill and His Plays. Oscar Cargill et. al. eds. NY: New York University Press, 1963. O’Neill, Eugene. â€Å"The Hairy Ape† in Four Plays by Eugene O’Neill. New York: Signet Classic, 1998. Rollyson, Carl E. â€Å"Eugene O’Neill: The Drama of Self-transcendence† in Critical Essays on Eugene O’Neill. James Martine, ed. Boston: G.K. Hall and Co, 1984. The Nobel Prize Internet Archive. Almaz Enterprises. <http://nobelprizes.com/nobel/literature/1936a.html>. Turner, Ron. Ron’s Place. <http://www.connect.net/ron/oneill.html>.

How is the Struggle between Good and Evil presented in Lord of the Flies? Essay

Lord of the Flies was written by Word War II veteran William Golding and follows the lives of a group of school boys who crash land on a tropical island after an atomic bomb goes off. The novel starts like an adventure story of a group of boys free to do what they want in paradise with the lack of adult control. However the story quickly develops into a deeply meaningful insight into the evil of human nature and a tale of the desperate struggle for the survival of good. The author concentrates on the decent from democracy to chaos. He presents the tale as the struggle between good and evil through a variety of methods from physical struggles, like the fights between Jack and Ralph, to subtle battles for control, like Jacks constant power mongering and undermining of Ralph. Golding uses a small group of main characters to tell the majority of the story. First there is Ralph, â€Å"the boy with fair hair,† he is the first character the reader is introduced to and is instantly likeable as he is naturally attractive and has a lot of charisma. The other boys naturally respect him because of these attributes and he makes a good leader because of this. The story revolves around Ralph and his emotions. Ralph is tempted by Jack and evil ways but is undoubtedly good and the hero. Then there is Piggy, â€Å"shorter†¦and very fat,† the second to be introduced. Piggy is the opposite of Ralph in terms of looks and is an easy target for bullying. Piggy however much disliked is most likely the smartest on the island, he is Ralph’s font of information and has remarkable commonsense and is an original thinker. In the civilised world Piggy would be respected, on the island he was forced to solitude through no fault of his own because of his looks. Piggy is like Ralph, good, but unlike Ralph is never tempted by evil. Then there is Jack, the leader of the choir who become the hunters. Jack rules by fear alone and does not like to share power. â€Å"†I ought to be chief,† said Jack with a simple arrogance.† So he is deeply resentful of Ralph being chosen diplomatically as leader. Besides being a leader he is a bully, â€Å"shut up fatty†, Jack targets piggy the most while he starts off gaining Ralph’s trust and broods secretly over his humiliation of democratic defeat. Jack is the main source of evil on the island and drives the island into savagery with his obsession with hunting and power gr abbing. Ralph represents good’s struggle with evil through his actions. To start with he is tempted by Jack and hunting, â€Å"Ralph watched them [the hunters] envious and resentful.† And this is reflected in the way he treats Piggy; at the beginning he mocks him and does not take him seriously, â€Å"†Piggy!† Ralph shrieked with laughter,† by the end he is to Ralph â€Å"the true, wise friend called Piggy.† Golding has shown a drifting scale through the book at the beginning Ralph and Jack are great friends, by the end they are mortal enemies. As Jack becomes less civilised Ralph likes him less and as Ralph becomes more civilised he likes Piggy more. Ralph represents the failing battle of good against evil. Even though ultimately he was rescued, he failed to stop evil and maintain order, peace or even the fire. Jack represents evil in the book and is typically compared with Hitler and other evil dictators in history. The simplicity of Jack is the terrifying part about him. He acts on his feelings and rules everyone by fear and dictating to everyone one. He is arrogant, determined, quite clever, bossy and a bully. At the start he is clearly a bad person and there are dark hints of his evil, â€Å"light blue eyes, frustrated now, and turning, or ready to turn to anger.† However he is still just a typical bully, nothing special, just in a special situation. Jack controls the â€Å"hunters† who start as the choir but descend into savagery following Jack. It is who Jack is at the beginning of the story compared to who he becomes that shows how evil dominates the island. Jack like many others is primarily concerned with meat, hunting, games and having fun no matter who they hurt. This makes him appealing and as Ralph constantly tries to enforce the rules Jack uses this to undermine Ralph and strengthen his own position. For example Jack criticises Ralph for â€Å"not hunting† and being â€Å"bossy†. Golding also uses symbolism to present the struggle between good and evil. Firstly there is the Conch. This object is used by Ralph to call meetings and to keep order in a gathering by making a rule that only the holder of the Conch may speak. The Conch represents democracy and begins as a beautiful colourful object, â€Å"a deep cream, touched here and there with faded pink.† But as savagery creeps into the island it gets duller and darker until Roger smashes it into â€Å"a thousand white fragments†. This shows how as evil creeps into the island democracy and rules become less and less relevant until they are destroyed completely by evil, embodied in this case by Roger. The fire represents man’s inability to control nature. The fire is used to cook meat and to try and signal for a rescue. However as savagery increases the fire is not used as a signal, it is used only for cooking meat. This shows how some of the boys give up on civilisation and loose hope of it coming back. In the end the hunters try to use the fire to kill Ralph. Ironically this act of pure destruction and chaos leads to the resurrection of society on the island through the arrival of the rescue boat. Simon and Roger represent two ends of a scale in the book. Golding has used Roger as a representation of true evil while using Simon as a Jesus like pure good character. Both are loners with few friends and stay outside the group but when it is involved in good things, like building huts, Simon joins in. As the island descends into savagery Roger not only joins in but also becomes as powerful as Jack â€Å"wielding a nameless authority.† Of course as Simon is the representation of good he is destroyed by evil. Roger as the representation of evil not only helps to destroy Simon, but also murders Piggy. These two characters also help to define the decent into savagery. At the beginning when Ralph has just been elected leader, Simon goes with the Jack and Ralph exploring the island. He is at his most popular at this point and this shows how at the beginning good people like Simon are very expectable. Before the end Simon is murdered and by the time Ralph is hunted Roger is nearly as powerful as Jack. â€Å"Roger edged past the Chief, only just avoiding pushing him with his shoulder.† This shows how powerful Roger has become, because while you would think all of Jack’s followers fear or at the least respect him Roger clearly has little of either for Jack as he nearly knocks him over while passing by. This shows how evil has began to dominate the group and makes it seem like Jake is no longer evil enough to control the group. This shows that evil is it’s own master and Roger would probably go on to take over the group, as he is so evil and therefore powerful. Golding experiences of WWII are linked to the entire book. In WWII Golding would have seen un-imaginable evil, men fighting men to the death merciless and horrible to watch. The ideas portrayed in the book offer explanations to why evil dominates good. Firstly it is easier to be evil and a lot more fun. The novel shows this by hunting and other games. During a hunt a boy must cause pain to an animal and ultimately kill it, but that is not considered as the pleasure is a drug to the young boys’ minds which none can deny. The same goes for games involving others being hurt, they know that they are causing pain but slowly they begin to care less and less. They cause more and more pain to the human they are hunting letting the excitement overwhelm them, until an event like the death of Simon happens and boundaries have been crossed. By then there is no turning back and the once innocent boy playing games are lost in savagery and they have become easy to control with fear and hunti ng. That is how Jack gained his power. Secondly being good all the time is near impossible and boring. Even Ralph joins the hunt and is in fact the first to make fun of Piggy. In fact Ralph is the first to call Piggy Piggy, â€Å"his real name’s Piggy.† And begin the cycle of bullying that leads to his death. What Golding shows by this is nobody, not a saint, a pope or anybody has ever gone through life without performing, however small, some evil consciously. Every boy on the island is tempted and in some way they all commit some form of evil, whether it is the name calling of a weaker boy to the murder of another, they all do it. There are only two exceptions: Piggy, because he is not strong enough to perform evil and Simon, because he is pure good. But in reality no one exists like Simon, unless you believe in Jesus (and what the Bible teaches) and even if you do then you also believe he was more than human. Thirdly the line between good and evil is unclear. As Golding shows the decent into Savagery is slow, as the island changes boundaries of acceptance change. To start in a private school the children would not have bullied an other, as they did to Piggy, as the laws of there school would punish them. Once on the island there new freedom is a luxury and they do not hesitate to call others by names. However they all still cling to civilisation, for a while at least, as at the beginning none would attack another without justification. As the island changes the boundaries are pushed so far that murder is justifiable. As mentioned before once the boundaries are crossed there is no going back. Golding offers another explanation to the reason for evils victory, â€Å"the darkness of man’s heart† perhaps men are naturally evil. If one takes this mentality then in reality there is no struggle between good and evil; just resistance as evil dominates and men become moraleless creatures driven only by basic desire. Books like Lord of the Rings or Harry Potter portray evil as a different species, as men who are corrupted and not as Golding describes men in there natural and basic form. Lord of the Flies is perhaps the only novel which describes the battle between good and evil as the inner battle which every man must face. Simon was a visionary and his realisation is what Golding was trying to say, the â€Å"beast† they all feared was within them. In other words they feared each other and themselves but could not realise this. Golding presents the struggle between good and evil as a battle doomed from the start. He portrays men as naturally evil and only the few who cling to civilisation as good, but they are ultimately doomed as the three who do stay true to humanity are destroyed save Ralph who is rescued by luck. Lord of the Flies shows how without the fragile walls of society what human nature is truly like and why evil in the end will always be able to dominate good.

Under Western Eyes Feminist Scholarship and Colonial...

In her essay, â€Å"Under Western Eyes: Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourses,† Chandra Talpade Mohanty explores the simplified construction of the â€Å"third-world woman† in hegemonic feminist discourses. In contrast, in her essay â€Å"US Third-World Feminism: The Theory and Method of Oppositional Consciousness in the Postmodern World,† Chela Sandoval specifically analyzes â€Å"US third-world feminism† and how it is the model for not only oppositional political activity, but also consciousness in the United States and how this has not been recognized by hegemonic â€Å"western† feminist discourses (). While Mohanty and Sandoval are analyzing and critiquing gender and gender politics, Mohanty is specifically focused on the simplified portrayal in†¦show more content†¦The first assumption argues that â€Å"western† feminist discourses emphasize that all women are bound together by a shared oppression and are powerless (53-54 ). Mohanty systemically explores this theory through an in depth analysis of five categories in which women of the third world are traditionally presented as homogenous victims by â€Å"western† feminist. The first two categories, women as victims of male violence and women as universal dependents, arguably offer the most straightforward deconstruction of the gendered body of knowledge that is power. Women, especially women of the third world, are all seen as victims of male violence and control (54). All women are defined as powerless, and all men are defined as powerful (55). Similarly, all women are defined as powerless dependents in the second category. Mohanty argues, â€Å"this is because descriptive gender differences are transformed into the divisions between men and women† (55). This division possesses a privileged position as the explanation for the oppression of women (56). Therefore, women are seen as a powerless group no matter what the historical or cultu ral situation because they are deemed so prior to any analysis (56). Similarly to Mohanty, Sandoval attempts to deconstruct the gendered body of knowledge that is power through critique. Her argument is similar to Mohanty’s, she is trying to deconstruct the notion of who has power and who is powerless. She doesShow MoreRelatedThe, Under Western Eyes : Feminist Scholarship And Colonial Discourses1355 Words   |  6 Pagesthird world countries because they do not have all the resources that we have in this country. In Chandra T. Mohantys’ article, â€Å"Under Western Eyes: Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourses,† we see how Third World Women are viewed by Western Women. She argues that women from third world countries are no different from western women; the only difference is that western women have an advantage with stronger economies. In â€Å"Can the Subaltern Speak?† by Gayatri C. 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